MariaDB Database location

MySQL Locations
Mac /usr/local/mysql/bin
Windows /Program Files/MySQL/MySQL version/bin
Xampp /xampp/mysql/bin
Add mysql to your PATH

Current Session

export PATH=${PATH}:/usr/local/mysql/bin

Permanantly

echo ‘export PATH=”/usr/local/mysql/bin:$PATH”‘ >> ~/.bash_profile
On Windows – https://www.qualitestgroup.com/resources/knowledge-center/how-to-guide/add-mysql-path-windows/

MariaDB config file (my.cnf) location

There is no specific command to find the location of “my.cnf” file. Can be in one of the following locations –
/etc/my.cnf
/etc/mysql/my.cnf
$MYSQL_HOME/my.cnf
[datadir]/my.cnf
~/.my.cnf

Login

mysql -u root -p

Check MySql & MariaDB Version

// From Linux bash shell

mysql –version

Mariadb -v

Or
From the MariaDB terminal>
show variables like “%version%”;
It will show detailed version information.

Check MariaDB Process List

SHOW PROCESSLIST;

Kill a MariaDB Process

KILL #ID;
//ID is the process ID.

Show Users

SELECT User, Host FROM mysql.user;

Create User

CREATE USER ‘someuser’@’localhost’ IDENTIFIED BY ‘somepassword’;
Grant All Priveleges On All Databases
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON * . * TO ‘someuser’@’localhost’;
FLUSH PRIVILEGES;

List user and grants

SHOW GRANTS FOR ‘someuser’@’localhost’;

Remove Grants

REVOKE ALL PRIVILEGES, GRANT OPTION FROM ‘someuser’@’localhost’;

Delete User

DROP USER ‘someuser’@’localhost’;

Exit

exit;

Show Databases

SHOW DATABASES;

Create Database

CREATE DATABASE acme;

Delete Database

DROP DATABASE acme;

Select Database

USE acme;

Create Table

CREATE TABLE users(
id INT AUTO_INCREMENT,
first_name VARCHAR(100),
last_name VARCHAR(100),
email VARCHAR(50),
password VARCHAR(20),
location VARCHAR(100),
dept VARCHAR(100),
is_admin TINYINT(1),
register_date DATETIME,
PRIMARY KEY(id)
);

Drop a table

DROP TABLE tablename;

Show Tables

SHOW TABLES;

Insert Row / Record

INSERT INTO users (first_name, last_name, email, password, location, dept, is_admin, register_date) values (‘Brad’, ‘Traversy’, ‘brad@gmail.com’, ‘123456’,’Massachusetts’, ‘development’, 1, now());

Insert Multiple Rows

INSERT INTO users (first_name, last_name, email, password, location, dept, is_admin, register_date) values (‘Fred’, ‘Smith’, ‘fred@gmail.com’, ‘123456’, ‘New York’, ‘design’, 0, now()), (‘Sara’, ‘Watson’, ‘sara@gmail.com’, ‘123456’, ‘New York’, ‘design’, 0, now()),(‘Will’, ‘Jackson’, ‘will@yahoo.com’, ‘123456’, ‘Rhode Island’, ‘development’, 1, now()),(‘Paula’, ‘Johnson’, ‘paula@yahoo.com’, ‘123456’, ‘Massachusetts’, ‘sales’, 0, now()),(‘Tom’, ‘Spears’, ‘tom@yahoo.com’, ‘123456’, ‘Massachusetts’, ‘sales’, 0, now());

Select

SELECT * FROM users;
SELECT first_name, last_name FROM users;

Select with WHERE

SELECT * FROM users WHERE location=’Massachusetts’;
SELECT * FROM users WHERE location=’Massachusetts’ AND dept=’sales’;
SELECT * FROM users WHERE is_admin = 1;
SELECT * FROM users WHERE is_admin > 0;

Delete Row

DELETE FROM users WHERE id = 6;

Update Row

UPDATE users SET email = ‘freddy@gmail.com’ WHERE id = 2;

Add New Column

ALTER TABLE users ADD age VARCHAR(3);

Modify Column

ALTER TABLE users MODIFY COLUMN age INT(3);

Order By (Sort column)

SELECT * FROM users ORDER BY last_name ASC;
SELECT * FROM users ORDER BY last_name DESC;

Concatenate Columns

SELECT CONCAT(first_name, ‘ ‘, last_name) AS ‘Name’, dept FROM users;

Select Distinct Rows

SELECT DISTINCT location FROM users;

Select Between (Select Range)

SELECT * FROM users WHERE age BETWEEN 20 AND 25;

Select Like (Searching)

SELECT * FROM users WHERE dept LIKE ‘d%’;
SELECT * FROM users WHERE dept LIKE ‘dev%’;
SELECT * FROM users WHERE dept LIKE ‘%t’;
SELECT * FROM users WHERE dept LIKE ‘%e%’;

Select Not Like

SELECT * FROM users WHERE dept NOT LIKE ‘d%’;
IN
SELECT * FROM users WHERE dept IN (‘design’, ‘sales’);

Create & Remove Index

CREATE INDEX LIndex On users(location);
DROP INDEX LIndex ON users;

Create New Table with Foreign Key (Posts)

CREATE TABLE posts(
id INT AUTO_INCREMENT,
user_id INT,
title VARCHAR(100),
body TEXT,
publish_date DATETIME DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,
PRIMARY KEY(id),
FOREIGN KEY (user_id) REFERENCES users(id)
);

Add Data to Posts Table

INSERT INTO posts(user_id, title, body) VALUES (1, ‘Post One’, ‘This is post one’),(3, ‘Post Two’, ‘This is post two’),(1, ‘Post Three’, ‘This is post three’),(2, ‘Post Four’, ‘This is post four’),(5, ‘Post Five’, ‘This is post five’),(4, ‘Post Six’, ‘This is post six’),(2, ‘Post Seven’, ‘This is post seven’),(1, ‘Post Eight’, ‘This is post eight’),(3, ‘Post Nine’, ‘This is post none’),(4, ‘Post Ten’, ‘This is post ten’);
INNER JOIN
SELECT
users.first_name,
users.last_name,
posts.title,
posts.publish_date
FROM users
INNER JOIN posts
ON users.id = posts.user_id
ORDER BY posts.title;

New Table With 2 Foriegn Keys

CREATE TABLE comments (
id INT AUTO_INCREMENT,
post_id INT,
user_id INT,
body TEXT,
publish_date DATETIME DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,
PRIMARY KEY(id),
FOREIGN KEY(user_id) references users(id),
FOREIGN KEY(post_id) references posts(id)
);

Add Data to Comments Table

INSERT INTO comments(post_id, user_id, body) VALUES (1, 3, ‘This is comment one’),(2, 1, ‘This is comment two’),(5, 3, ‘This is comment three’),(2, 4, ‘This is comment four’),(1, 2, ‘This is comment five’),(3, 1, ‘This is comment six’),(3, 2, ‘This is comment six’),(5, 4, ‘This is comment seven’),(2, 3, ‘This is comment seven’);

Left Join

Left Join
SELECT
comments.body,
posts.title
FROM comments
LEFT JOIN posts ON posts.id = comments.post_id
ORDER BY posts.title;

Join Multiple Tables

SELECT
comments.body,
posts.title,
users.first_name,
users.last_name
FROM comments
INNER JOIN posts on posts.id = comments.post_id
INNER JOIN users on users.id = comments.user_id
ORDER BY posts.title;

Aggregate Functions

SELECT COUNT(id) FROM users;
SELECT MAX(age) FROM users;
SELECT MIN(age) FROM users;
SELECT SUM(age) FROM users;
SELECT UCASE(first_name), LCASE(last_name) FROM users;

Select Group By

SELECT age, COUNT(age) FROM users GROUP BY age;
SELECT age, COUNT(age) FROM users WHERE age > 20 GROUP BY age;
SELECT age, COUNT(age) FROM users GROUP BY age HAVING count(age) >=2;